What mechanisms drive the cycle of solar activity, and how do fluctuations in solar radiation influence space weather on Earth?

The solar activity cycle is primarily driven by the Sun’s magnetic field, which undergoes periodic reversals roughly every 11 years. This cycle influences solar phenomena such as sunspots, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections. Fluctuations in solar radiation and solar wind impact Earth’s magnetosphere, causing geomagnetic storms that can disrupt satellite operations, communication systems, and power grids, and also enhance auroral displays.

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