What were the main causes and outcomes of World War I?

The main causes of World War I were militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism, often summarized by the acronym MAIN. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary triggered the war. The outcomes included the Treaty of Versailles, the redrawing of European borders, the collapse of empires (German, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian), and significant political changes, including the rise of communism and fascism.

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