What is the difference between a simple random sample and a stratified random sample, and in what situations might you use each method?

A simple random sample (SRS) involves selecting individuals from a population entirely by chance, ensuring each individual has an equal probability of being chosen. In contrast, a stratified random sample (SRS) divides the population into distinct subgroups (strata) and then randomly samples from each subgroup. Use SRS for homogeneous populations, and stratified sampling for heterogeneous populations to ensure representation of all subgroups.

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