What were the main causes and significant impacts of the Industrial Revolution on Western European society in the 18th and 19th centuries?

The Industrial Revolution was primarily driven by technological innovations, such as the steam engine, and access to natural resources like coal and iron. It significantly impacted Western European society by transforming economies from agrarian to industrial, leading to urbanization, changes in labor systems, and improvements in living standards. However, it also resulted in environmental degradation and social challenges, including poor working conditions and income inequality.

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